In the summer of 2010, in my walks through the beautiful city of Mexico, it cost me to get to the Plaza of Three Cultures or Plaza de Tlatelolco. Very long distances in a city of 25 million inhabitants, many other places to visit, heavy rains and difficult access, increased my desire to get there. I remember that my fifteen years in a distant September 1975, the dying regime of dictator Franco shot them several FRAP-GRAPO terrorists and ETA. International protests raged and the then president of the PRI Mexico, Luis Echeverria asked the UN's expulsion from Spain of the supranational body. He answered the newspaper ABC in reference to his responsibility in the "massacre" of Tlatelolco. In 1988 before the 20 th anniversary French May and the Prague Spring, the late journalist Peter Altars said in a radio debate that "each generation had its Tlatelolco" in alusón to the massacre. I remember very vaguely that the 68 Olympics in Mexico by the sports bags with logo and one in 1970 that World Cup soccer, the world champion Pele and Brazil. Needless to say, that no Tani PRI Mexico diplomatic relations with Spain that Tardofranquismo. In 2010 I learned that also in that place closed a page of Mexican history: she fell in the last Aztec resistance to Hernán Cortés, surrendering the last tlatoani (emperor) Cuatemoc.
try this first entry in these events as past, and a second as the archaeological walk HEREIN.
Memorial stone of those tragic events of 1968.
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TLATELOLCO / PLAZA OF THREE CULTURES, 2 October 1968
In July 1968 there were serious incidents between students and police, culminating in raids colleges and campuses in general. The monumental gate of the Colegio de San Ildefonso monumental, behind the ruins of the Templo Mayor Aztec and Zocalo Square, was destroyed by a bazooka shot. A large protest demonstration ran the great avenue of reform. A month later, in late August, the crowds of students and some workers gathered in the Zocalo, to the National Palace, with cries against the president, Gustavo Diaz Ordaz PRI and Secretary of the Interior, which would be his presidential successor : Luis Echeverria Alvarez. That same day the tanks came from the palace on the students.
In September the Mexican army occupied the great and unique facilities of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), south of the capital. All in full countdown the imminent opening of the first Olympic Games in Latin America, when the eyes of the world looked to Mexico.
Then President Gustavo Diaz Ordaz (Puebla, 1911-Mexico City, 1979).
in his presidency made the 1968 Olympic Games, the 1970 World Cup and the start of construction of the Metro in the capital, real solution to the mobility of millions of people everyday.
Luis Echeverria Alvarez (Mexico City, 1922)
former Secretary of Interior in October 68. In 2005 he was jailed to his alleged responsibility in the events. For his advanced age and poor health was acquitted. It was the successor to the presidency of Díaz Ordaz. That time was the end of the political credibility of the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) and the heirs of the revolution of 1910.
There was still a long quarter century of PRI in power as corrupt presidents Salinas de Gortari and others like Lopez Portillo, Miguel de la Madrid and Carlos Zedillo. In 2000, the PRI would be ousted from power by Vicente Fox
On 2 October came the tragedy and bloodshed. The crowd was going to disband peacefully when a helicopter flew over the square and threw a flare that was a sign of fire. Members of the Olympia Battalion snipers, fired betting strategies to mislead the military and police who were the aggressors students. The response to the crowd caused several hundred deaths. Even today no one knows exactly the number of dead real. The next day the news silenced the facts. The world looked to Mexico and was ready the arrival of athletes, tourists and journalists from around the world.
Ten days later, the symbolic October 12, President Ordaz opened the Games. Two years later, the world of 1970, of "O Rei 'Pele and the Brazilian team. Here nothing has happened.
Azteca Stadium, scene of the Mexican world.
HUNDRED AND FORTY YEARS BEFORE: THE FIRST Tlatelolco massacre: AUGUST 1521 CUATEMOC SURRENDERS A POLITE AND ACTUAL BORN MEXICO
In August 1521, after a Aztec hard and heroic resistance "to food shortages and epidemics of smallpox, the English-Tlaxcala set siege of Tenochtitlan, Pedro de Alvarado was preparing the final assault of a city in ruins, very antithesis of the magnificent city that saw the same little English before. The Tlatelolco Temilotzin Coyohuehuetzin and decide that Cuatemoc, the tlatoani or successor to the late Emperor Moctezuma, was the 13th of that month in a canoe to surrender to Hernán Cortés. The Extremadura not killed him yet, despite Cuatemoc beg me to. Died later after a storm when it was no longer "useful" to the English.
Two terrible events that appear to belie the calm current of the square, a venue with an excellent archaeological museum and well organized open-air archaeological remains outstanding and we will see at the entrance sigueintes.
Explanatory plate surrender of Tenochtitlan before the English on August 13, 1521 and the birth of today mestizo Mexico.
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