Anarchism (political philosophy which proposes a society based on individual freedom without a state or public power) historically has won great support and influence in the English territory especially before the victory of Francisco Franco in the English Civil War, and during this (between 1926 and 1947), at the beginning of the so-called English Social Revolution of 1936 in response to the coup attempt There were numerous variants of anarchism in Spain: the peasant anarchism in rural Andalusia urban anarcho-syndicalism in Catalonia, particularly its capital Barcelona, \u200b\u200band what anarchism is sometimes called "pure" in other cities such as Zaragoza. However, these movements had many similarities and shared ideology.
At first, the success of the anarchist movement was sporadic. The anarchists organized strikes which eventually spread for the rest of the country. Normally, police repression reduced the number of protesters, but at the same time, this caused a phenomenon of radicalization in those members. This cycle helped lead an era of mutual violence in the early twentieth century, in which anarchists armed gunmen, mercenaries paid by business owners, became responsible for many political assassinations.
Later in the twentieth century, the violence began to wane, and the movement gained momentum with the rise of anarcho-syndicalism and the creation of the great libertarian union, the CNT. The general strike came to be common, and a large portion of the class English working class adopted anarchist ideas. The FAI was created as a purely anarchist association, with the intention of keeping the CNT focused on the principles of anarchism.
anarchists played a prominent role in the armed struggle against Franco during the English Civil War. At the same time, a large-scale social revolution spread throughout the English territory under Republican control, where land and factories were collectivized and controlled by workers. The revolution began to wane with the growth in membership and the rise to government in mid-1937 the Communist Party of Spain (PCE), whose policy was determined from the foreign ministry of the Stalinist Soviet Union. This initiated a policy of progressive militarization and assimilation of the various militias under a professional army (People's Army), hierarchical and under the direct control of state administration, as well as strengthening and regaining control of State institutions, increasing its repressive nature, with to counter the influence of the main revolutionary groups and militias and restrict their freedom and leeway, such as the ban on newspaper FAI, and censorship of other media. To this was added the indefinite the war, he did loosen the minds of many, and the revolutionary force of the process. But the final bump for all future expectation about the revolutionary process is not consummated until the end of the war in 1939 with the victory of the rebel army, commanded by Franco, who would run to thousands of anarchists and incarcerate a significant number of dissidents, political prisoners, mainly leftists, Republicans and critics of the new regime. However, resistance to his rule never died completely, with supporters taking part in acts of sabotage and other methods of direct action, and sometimes life threatening one's own ruler. His legacy remains important today, particularly for anarchists, syndicalists, who see their accomplishments as a valid historical precedent for a possible process of revolutionary social change, with the achievement of a social structure without a government, organized through direct involvement and control from below and collective leadership and democratic means of production, of which the economy depends, by the producers themselves, these central facts of the ideas of anarcho-syndicalism. in Spain can also be a reference point for English-speaking anarcho-capitalism, especially in the XXI century with contemporary exponents Austrian school as Jesus Huerta
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